The Function and Role of Child Care in Early Childhood Education - Child Care Park is a form of Early Childhood Education service that functions as a substitute for the family for a certain period of time for those whose parents do not have time to care for and educate.
The work of mothers outside the household can cause role conflicts, as an employee. One or both of these roles cannot be carried out properly, causing neglect. Abandoned children will experience stunted growth and development, both health and social. Abandoned children are: "For some reason, their parents neglect their obligations so that the child's needs cannot be met properly, both spiritually, physically, and socially.
A greater influence will be felt by families whose children are still in childhood. According to the Ministry of Social Affairs in childhood, children really need attention, affection through the care and guidance of their mothers
Overcoming this gap, daycare centers are expected to be able to temporarily replace the role of mothers in the care process so that children's growth and development can run normally. The role of this daycare center is to bridge the gap between a person's care for his toddler.
Daycare
Children (TPA) is a forum for fostering welfare efforts for children whose parents work to earn a living so that they do not have the opportunity to organize activities related to child welfare efforts when their parents work or earn a living and also organize pre-school education for children aged 3 years until entering basic education.
Child care is expected to provide considerable benefits in the child's welfare efforts because parents do not have the opportunity to meet the needs that the children expect.
Child Care Center has a basic principle, namely the principle of social work which cannot be separated from the applicable laws and regulations.
In addition to this, a Daycare Park needs to be made to the maximum extent possible to fulfill the facilities and infrastructure that help in achieving the goals. The facilities in question are related to the provision of various equipment, the location of the building and the area of the building, the availability of various rooms, the availability of a yard for outdoor play, the availability of clean water, ventilation, and lighting. Meanwhile, regarding the infrastructure, among others, there are administrators and officers.
The education and upbringing of children is the first and foremost duty of parents and families. The development of the times and technological advances have caused changes in the pattern of parenting and education of children in the family. In the past, mothers and other family members had full opportunities to care for and educate children. Now it is also working to supplement the family income.
Likewise with other family members who are busy with work and their own business, so that the children are no longer there to take care of.
The nurturing function is replaced by a babysitter. For affluent families, they can hire a nanny as well as hire a housemaid. Families that can only hire a housemaid, who are not caregivers, often leave the task of child-rearing to them. Meanwhile, housemaids (not caregivers) do not have the skills in caring for and educating children, especially in terms of knowledge of child growth and development.
The result is the same as for children who are only entrusted with the supervision of others, including Child Care which does not provide educational services. Children look healthy but their intelligence or potential is below average.
Early childhood education as an inseparable part of the national education system must also refer to a scientific approach based on the principles of child growth and development. In this regard, the implementation of education
At an early age, including in Child Care Parks, at least they must be guided by "Forging, Sharpening, Asih, Fostering".
Forging is defined as galvanizing or exercises that are done repeatedly.
This is in accordance with the way the brain works, where unstimulated synapses will shrink and then die. Repetition needs to be done so that the synapesynape of the child's brain is getting stronger and permanent.
Sharpening is intended so that early childhood has an intellectual condition that is developed, healthy, and of good quality. This can be done through education to develop their potential, interests, talents, appreciation, perception, and intellectual creativity in a sustainable and prospective manner.
Love is basically a companion and protection for early childhood, as an effort to realize and ensure the fulfillment of children's needs, the right to survival, emancipation, the right to grow and develop, the right to be protected from the influence of violence and all forms of exploitation, as well as the right to participate fully, including the use of spare time.
Fostering means taking care of and guiding children to be independent. Keeping and guiding children cannot be separated from the process of educating children so that they have abilities according to their potential.
The target of the Child Care Park program is children aged 0-6 years, especially children whose parents are unable or do not have enough time to care for and educate their children due to work outside the home or other reasons.
Child Care Parks can be organized by individuals, community organizations, or foundations, with the minimum requirements:
(a) there are students who
at least three months to six years old and five or more people (except children with special needs);
(b) available infrastructure in the form of buildings (rooms) and educational facilities;
(c) available curriculum (Learning Menu Reference) for early childhood issued by the Ministry of National Education;
(d) the availability of educators and education personnel who carry out the educational process;
(e) the availability of sufficient sources of funds.
The principles of learning in the Daycare Park are regulated as follows:
(a) The learning process is based on the principles of child development;
(b) Early childhood learning is carried out based on the principle of learning through
play;
(c) The early childhood learning process is carried out in a clean environment,
safe, convenient, and innovative;
(d) Early childhood learning must be carried out with a thematic approach and
integrated.
One of the ways to develop human resources is through education. One of the government's policies is the recognition of Early Childhood Education.
Early Childhood Education known as PAUD is education given to children aged 0 to 6 years to prepare children to enter basic education.
One of the educational institutions for early childhood through non-formal channels is the Child Care Park or TPA. Child Care Parks are expected to function and play a role in providing education to early childhood, as one of the efforts to realize educational goals.
This study aims to describe and demonstrate the role and function of TPA, this research questions the effectiveness of TPA whether it can build a foundation for the development of the potential for spiritual, intellectual, emotional, and social intelligence of students.
The method used in this research is the descriptive-qualitative method with a deductive approach. This method is used to provide a clear description or description of what and how the actual activities of a number of TPAs studied in the PAUD context are and to demonstrate the functions and roles of TPAs.
Data collection is done in three ways, namely:
(1) field observations,
(2) interviews with resource persons,
(3) secondary data from related agencies.
Qualitative methods are used to explain the findings of the study of the variables studied.
The analysis carried out in this study includes three things, namely:
(1) the internal functions and roles of the Daycare Park,
(2) the external function and role of the Daycare Park,
(3) the existence of TPA in PAUD to support the realization of educational goals.
The results of the analysis show that:
(1) Child Care Park has functioned as a vehicle for education and child welfare.
(2) The Child Care Park has performed its role as a substitute for the family as long as the child is deposited in the TPA.
(3) The role of TPA in PAUD externally is still small.
(4) the education program at the TPA has referred to the context of Early Childhood Education so that it can support the realization of quality education.
Thus the discussion about The Function and Role of Child Care in Early Childhood Education, I hope the above review is useful for all of you.